December 14, a day in the calendar and a day in history

Orthodox calendar
Prophet Nahum Day (VII century BC). The book of the prophet Nahum is in the Old Testament. He died at the age of 45.

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folk calendar
Day of Naum. Naum Literate. Day of the prophet Nahum. Naumov day. Literate. “Nahum – from the word mind.” “Father Naum, point to the mind” (teach). “Prophet Nahum brings to mind.”
It is believed that the prophet Nahum promotes mental and mechanical pursuits. In the old days, from the day of Naum (from December 1, according to the old style), they began to teach children to read and write (the ability to read and write). On this occasion, they agreed with the teacher, served a prayer service, asked for a blessing on the lad. Teachers were invited to the house with honor. The father handed over his son to the teacher with a request to teach him the mind and treat him with beatings for laziness. The mother must cry, otherwise “bad rumors will go.” The son gave three prostrations to the teacher, and the teaching began. They said: “During the study you can’t eat, otherwise you will eat what you have learned”, “Close the book, otherwise you will forget everything.” The training began like this: a church minister, a deacon, came to the house, brought with him a primer and a whip. The teaching began with three weighty lashes, so that the youth could appreciate the seriousness and usefulness of the study. Then they learned according to Ananias, Naum, Filaret.
Developments
On December 14, 1900, at a meeting of the Berlin Physical Society, the German physicist Max Planck uttered the word “quantum” for the first time., laying the foundation for a new branch of knowledge – quantum mechanics. The idea of a quantum, which he called a single portion of radiation, was then considered by Planck only as a mathematical technique, “to get a positive result at any cost,” since classical physics did not allow explaining many phenomena.
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December 14, 1920 – the first disaster with victims on the lines of regular flights. In London, the plane crashed into a house, killing two crew members and two passengers.
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On December 14, 1939, the Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations due to the attack on Finland.
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December 14, 1943 approved the new anthem of the USSR, written by composer Alexander Alexandrov to the words of Sergei Mikhalkov and El-Registan. Having come to replace the “Internationale”, he first sounded on New Year’s Eve.
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Youth version of the anthem, or Young was not young
Sergey Mikhalkov is not a conformist, but an intuitive
On December 14, 1946, the UN General Assembly voted to establish the organization’s headquarters in New York.
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On December 14, 1958, a Soviet expedition reached the Pole of Inaccessibility in Antarctica for the first time. (the farthest point from the coast of the mainland).
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On December 14, 1970, a few days after a sharp increase in prices for food, coal and clothing, strikes and mass demonstrations began at the shipyards of Gdansk, Gdynia and Szczecin. The Polish authorities used force against the “counter-revolution”: about a hundred workers were killed, over 1,100 participants in the clashes were injured. The first secretary of the PZPR, Vladislav Gomulka, was forced to resign.
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On December 14, 1971, the film “The Crown of the Russian Empire, or Elusive Again” that completed the trilogy of Edmond Keosayan was released.
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On December 14, 1984, the director of the Eliseevsky grocery store in Moscow, Yuri Sokolov, was shot.
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On December 14, 1988, the leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Yasser Arafat, recognized the right to exist of the State of Israel.
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On December 14, 1992, Viktor Stepanovich Chernomyrdin was appointed prime minister of the Russian government.
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On December 14, 1992, a Russian Mi-8 helicopter crashed during the Georgian-Abkhazian conflict., who took out the inhabitants of the city of Tvarkcheli besieged by the Georgian army. Among the dead were 25 children. The Georgian side denied that the helicopter was shot down by the fire of its units.
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On December 14, 1995, the Dayton Agreement was signed in Paris. on a ceasefire by the warring parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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On December 14, 2004, on the initiative of Hugo Chavez and Fidel Castro, the Bolivarian Alliance of the Peoples of the Americas was created. Today, along with Cuba and Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Dominica, Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines are members of this organization, designed to promote trade and cooperation among its member countries.
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Birthdays
December 14, 1503 was born Michel de Notre Dame / Nostradamus (Michel de Nostredame), French astrologer, poet, philosopher and physician, better known by the Latinized name Nostradamus as a predictor of the fate of mankind for hundreds of years to come.
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December 14, 1895 was born Paul Eluard (Eugene Grendel / Paul ELUARD (Eugene Emile Paul Grindel)), the largest French poet of the XX century. The poet called his wife Elena Dyakonova Gala (in French – “holiday”). When he nevertheless broke up with her, Gala became the muse of the artist Salvador Dali.
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Sorrowful dates
December 14, 1943 died John Harvey KelloggAmerican doctor and health food pioneer.
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December 14, 1984 shot Yuri Sokolov, director of the Moscow “Gastronom No. 1” (Eliseevsky store). In October 1982, he was arrested by the Moscow KGB, at a closed trial in the Supreme Court of the RSFSR he was convicted of embezzling 300 thousand rubles and sentenced to death.
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December 14, 1989 died Andrey Sakharovphysicist, father of the Soviet hydrogen bomb, Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1975.
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December 14, 2005 died Yuri Kuchiev, captain of the nuclear icebreaker “Arktika”, Hero of Socialist Labor, honorary polar explorer. On icebreakers since 1944, starting with the famous “Ermak” and then on all of its no less famous brothers. In 1964 he became the captain of the Lenin nuclear icebreaker, and in 1971 he took the Arktika under his command. He was awarded the title of Hero for the world’s first trip of a surface ship to the North Pole.
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